Workshop design

An important feature of any enterprise is its production, technical and functional unity. This is ensured by the presence in its structure of workshops, which are divided into main (production) and auxiliary (service of the first). The design of workshops involves the creation of homogeneous or dissimilar facilities in terms of technology, performing the required functions.

Terms of project development

Pre-design study of the project, draft design, feasibility study from 20 days
Development of design documentation from 30 days
Passage of state and non-state expertise of project documentation from 30 days
Development of working documentation from 45 days
Inspection of buildings and structures (during reconstruction or re-profiling of an object) from 15 days

ORDER DESIGN

When calculating the cost of design work, we focus on the basic indicators of labor intensity and cost of work (based on state estimate standards). The market value of project development is set on a contractual basis. The terms of the work are agreed with the customer, but do not exceed the standard terms for this type of objects.

Production facilities are divided according to the type of products and purpose.

Workshop design

Objects for the production of specialized products of companies are considered as such. They are procurement, assembly, mechanical, manufacturing products in full or in parts. Here, raw materials, semi-finished products are processed in accordance with the technological process to obtain finished products.

In accordance with the specialization, there are:

technological (perform a certain part of the product manufacturing process);
subject (often used in the food industry - certain types of confectionery, sausages, other products, in factories where units, parts of various products, etc.) are produced;
mixed (usually equipped at light industry facilities, machine-building industry).
Subsidiary
These are objects to ensure the effective operation of the main divisions and the entire enterprise (instrumental, energy, repair, others).

Serving

Their main task is to service the main and auxiliary workshops, to create conditions for them for normal production activities. They are also called services (transport, construction, warehouse, laboratory services, catering, etc.) or farms.

Experienced instrumental

New product prototypes are manufactured and tested here.

Utility

Ancillary processing is carried out, for example, packaging for the main product is produced.

Side

Waste of the main production is processed, goods for consumer goods are created.

Composition of the documentation

Design and estimate documentation includes 12 sections, consisting of an explanatory note, solutions for architecture, planning, technological and structural solutions. It also contains an estimate, a description of utilities, information on improving energy efficiency, fire safety, and other documentation.

Basic design and architectural solutions, features

After the composition of the divisions of the enterprises has been determined, a technological production scheme is drawn up. It allows you to optimally place buildings, to make interdepartmental connections rational. To provide workers with a safe working environment and movement across the site, workshop premises are often designed in the same building. The main principles of construction on which the design of a workshop for the production of a particular product is based are identical. All enterprises have repair, transport, storage, energy and other auxiliary and service services. The structure of factories differs in the main workshops, determined by their profile. For example, the development of documentation for a workshop for the production of food products will differ from that intended for metallurgical, woodworking industries.

The design of the shops where the machines are manufactured depends on what type of plant is planned. If these are factories with a full production cycle, then the main group consists of procurement, assembly, processing shops, and forging with foundries - where the production of blanks for machines is to be done. For "screwdriver" industries and those where it is planned to assemble machines from finished parts, it is necessary to have processing and assembly production facilities.

Design stages

The main stages of development of design documentation for industrial facilities:

Pre-design stage.

Development of a feasibility study. Selection of basic technological solutions and selection of equipment in accordance with the technical specifications of the Customer.

Project documentation (PD).

The stage of developing constructive, technological, architectural and planning solutions without detailing. The choice of optimal engineering networks, equipment. Determination of the organization of work at the construction site, estimates, etc.

Expertise of design documentation.

Working documentation. Detailed study of all sections.
Designer supervision (mandatory - for hazardous objects).

Composition of the documentation

According to the legislation, project documentation consists of:

explanatory note;
schemes of the planning organization of the land plot;
architecture solutions;
volumetric planning, design solutions;
information about engineering networks and equipment, a list of development activities;
PIC;
list of measures for environmental protection;
organization of work on demolition, dismantling of structures (if necessary);
measures to ensure energy efficiency, fire safety;
estimates;
other documentation.

Design Methods

The main method for developing projects for buildings in various industries is the widespread use of standard structures. All planning and design decisions are based on unification, that is, standard solutions from modules that form separate cells, which are structurally repeated. Projects are created using graphic, model-graphic, model-model methods, electronic equipment.

Features of the design of industrial buildings

When creating projects for industrial facilities, 2 important factors are taken into account:

Functional requirements.

They determine the future type of indoor production, technological loads, operating mode, etc. Technological solutions determine the conditions for creating engineering networks, planning premises, choosing building materials, and finishing.

Economic expediency
Ensuring the optimal combination of construction costs with the timing, quality of development, and compliance with customer requirements.

Design of hazardous industrial buildings, their classification
The documentation should be developed by designers with a license to work, since in the event of an accident, objects are dangerous to the life, health of citizens, and the environment. The PD of newly erected hazardous structures must undergo an examination, and the existing ones (during reconstruction, liquidation, conservation) are assessed for industrial safety. Construction and installation work at the facilities must be carried out under the supervision of the designer.

Such objects are divided into 4 classes, which determine their degree of danger:

Class I - extremely dangerous;
II class - high hazard;
III class - medium hazard;
IV class - low hazard.

Basic design solutions

Industrial design is distinguished by the need to develop a technological section of the project. This requires the preparation of a scheme of technological processes, selection of equipment, calculation of current loads, determination of energy carriers, a logistic scheme of production, a raw material base. Fire safety standards, transport accessibility are taken into account.

Security, architecture features

The peculiarity of the creation of industrial facilities is their difference from other types of buildings due to the fact that they experience heavy loads. They are regulated by SNiPs, Codes of Rules, which determine the degree of fire resistance of buildings, withstand chemical and thermal loads, and moisture resistance. The main task is to provide a safe, comfortable environment for employees, the practicality of an enterprise with convenient approaches to it, logistics, storage conditions, and a good microclimate. The architecture in this case is less important, it is usually typical.

Unification

The design of industrial buildings and structures for the most part is carried out according to modern standard projects, which differ in that they are unified. That is, they are ready for construction by using more versatile, economical elements of structures, selected according to certain criteria. Unification consists in the selection of universal design solutions that have shown a great economic effect in practice.