Container crane spreader

The main load-handling organ - the “hand” of any means for transshipment of containers, which serves to manipulate the container and is in direct contact with it, is the so-called spreader (from the English spreader). Unified distances between fitting holes allow the spreaders to be used to work with containers of different sizes.

Most spreaders are equipped with special twist locks that grip the container firmly and firmly at the corner fittings. There are spreaders that can grip containers from the top (called Top Lift Attachment) or from the side (Side Lift Attachment). Spreaders can be “rigid”, that is, they do not change their length (intended only for containers of the same size), and telescopic. The latter can be used to work with containers from 20 to 40 feet long without any design changes.

The telescopic spreader weighs quite a lot - approximately 6800 kg, so its weight should be subtracted from the payload of the container handling device. There are also spreader designs designed specifically for working with vehicle trailers, as well as devices for reloading two containers at the same time.

The spreader, despite the apparent simplicity of the design, is a very important unit, since it is subjected to large alternating dynamic loads and not only the productivity of the machines, but also the safety of work depends on its reliability and functionality. According to statistics, 90% of all container loader breakdowns are associated with malfunctions in the operation of this unit, since it is the most loaded component of the equipment. The main problems usually arise from vibration and shock, which cause problems with the spreader's electrical or hydraulic systems.